A mouthwash or therapeutic rinse can complement brushing and flossing, but it’s not a replacement for these essential oral health practices. Here are some points to consider before adding one to your daily routine.

Rinsing helps remove plaque and debris from your teeth. While mouthwash achieves this, even rinsing with plain water after meals and snacks is beneficial. I recommend rinsing your mouth before brushing, as well as after brushing and flossing.

Peter Arsenault, division head of operative dentistry at Tufts School of Dental Medicine, notes, "While mouthwash can be beneficial for both adults and children, remember that it is not a substitute for regular brushing and flossing."

Can mouthwash resolve bad breath?

Bad breath can be caused by food debris, infections, decaying teeth, or other health conditions. Most mouth rinses only temporarily mask bad breath. A health-care professional should diagnose the cause of bad breath and recommend appropriate treatment.

Mouthwashes are categorized mainly into cosmetic and therapeutic types. Cosmetic rinses may contain hydrogen peroxide, which claims to whiten teeth, though the evidence is not strong due to limited contact time with the teeth. Other rinses claim to mask bad breath, but this does not address the root cause.

Therapeutic mouthwash rinse ingredients

Therapeutic rinses target specific issues. Some add fluoride, others reduce plaque and gum inflammation, and some soothe canker sores or sore mouths.

• Xylitol: inhibits bacteria growth that leads to tooth decay and helps address the underlying cause of decay.
• Saliva substitutes: Some rinses act as saliva substitutes to aid those with severe dry mouth, requiring multiple uses daily.
• Flavors and colors: The flavor or color of a mouthwash does not contribute to its benefits; these elements only make the product more appealing.

Cosmetic mouthwash rinse ingredients

Cosmetic mouthwashes are meant to mask bad breath rather than address any underlying oral health issues. They may contain ingredients that provide a pleasant taste or aroma, such as mint or other flavors.

• Hydrogen peroxide: Some cosmetic mouthwashes include hydrogen peroxide or other agents that claim to whiten teeth. However, the effectiveness of these products in significantly whitening teeth is often limited due to the short contact time with the teeth.
• Flavors and Colors: While the flavors and colors of cosmetic mouthwashes may make them more appealing, they do not enhance the oral health benefits of the product.

When selecting a mouthwash, consider your specific needs and consult with a dental professional if you have any concerns about your oral health. Once you choose a suitable mouthwash, understand that its use depends on its intended purpose. For fluoride exposure, rinse for about one minute before bedtime. If the goal is general oral cleanliness, gargle and swish twice a day. Remember, while mouthwash can be beneficial for both adults and children, it does not replace the need for regular brushing and flossing.